In a contest, four fruits (an apple, a banana, an orange, and a pear) have been placed in four closed boxes (one fruit per box). People may guess which fruit is in which box. 123 people participate in the contest. When the boxes are opened, it turns out that 43 people have guessed none of the fruits correctly, 39 people have guessed one fruit correctly, and 31 people have guessed two fruits correctly.
How many people have guessed three fruits correctly, and how many people have guessed four fruits correctly?
Answer
It is not possible to guess only three fruits correctly, the fourth fruit will be correct too! So nobody has guessed three fruits correctly and so 10 (123 – 43 – 39 – 31 = 10) people have guessed four fruits correctly.